(PHP 4, PHP 5)
mysql_query — Send a MySQL query
Suggested alternatives
Use of this extension is discouraged. Instead, the MySQLi or PDO_MySQL extension should be used. See also MySQL: choosing an API guide and related FAQ for more information. Alternatives to this function include:
$query
[, resource $link_identifier = NULL
] )
mysql_query() sends a unique query (multiple queries
are not supported) to the currently
active database on the server that's associated with the
specified link_identifier.
query
An SQL query
The query string should not end with a semicolon. Data inside the query should be properly escaped.
link_identifierThe MySQL connection. If the
link identifier is not specified, the last link opened by
mysql_connect() is assumed. If no such link is found, it
will try to create one as if mysql_connect() was called
with no arguments. If no connection is found or established, an
E_WARNING level error is generated.
For SELECT, SHOW, DESCRIBE, EXPLAIN and other statements returning resultset,
mysql_query()
returns a resource on success, or FALSE on
error.
For other type of SQL statements, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, DROP, etc,
mysql_query() returns TRUE on success
or FALSE on error.
The returned result resource should be passed to mysql_fetch_array(), and other functions for dealing with result tables, to access the returned data.
Use mysql_num_rows() to find out how many rows were returned for a SELECT statement or mysql_affected_rows() to find out how many rows were affected by a DELETE, INSERT, REPLACE, or UPDATE statement.
mysql_query() will also fail and return FALSE
if the user does not have permission to access the table(s) referenced by
the query.
Example #1 Invalid Query
The following query is syntactically invalid, so
mysql_query() fails and returns FALSE.
<?php
$result = mysql_query('SELECT * WHERE 1=1');
if (!$result) {
die('Invalid query: ' . mysql_error());
}
?>
Example #2 Valid Query
The following query is valid, so mysql_query() returns a resource.
<?php
// This could be supplied by a user, for example
$firstname = 'fred';
$lastname = 'fox';
// Formulate Query
// This is the best way to perform an SQL query
// For more examples, see mysql_real_escape_string()
$query = sprintf("SELECT firstname, lastname, address, age FROM friends
WHERE firstname='%s' AND lastname='%s'",
mysql_real_escape_string($firstname),
mysql_real_escape_string($lastname));
// Perform Query
$result = mysql_query($query);
// Check result
// This shows the actual query sent to MySQL, and the error. Useful for debugging.
if (!$result) {
$message = 'Invalid query: ' . mysql_error() . "\n";
$message .= 'Whole query: ' . $query;
die($message);
}
// Use result
// Attempting to print $result won't allow access to information in the resource
// One of the mysql result functions must be used
// See also mysql_result(), mysql_fetch_array(), mysql_fetch_row(), etc.
while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)) {
echo $row['firstname'];
echo $row['lastname'];
echo $row['address'];
echo $row['age'];
}
// Free the resources associated with the result set
// This is done automatically at the end of the script
mysql_free_result($result);
?>