java.util.zip

Class Deflater

java.lang.Object

java.util.zip.Deflater

public class Deflater
extends Object

This class provides support for general purpose compression using the popular ZLIB compression library. The ZLIB compression library was initially developed as part of the PNG graphics standard and is not protected by patents. It is fully described in the specifications at the java.util.zip package description.

The following code fragment demonstrates a trivial compression and decompression of a string using Deflater and Inflater.

 try {
     // Encode a String into bytes
     String inputString = "blahblahblah";
     byte[] input = inputString.getBytes("UTF-8");

     // Compress the bytes
     byte[] output = new byte[100];
     Deflater compresser = new Deflater();
     compresser.setInput(input);
     compresser.finish();
     int compressedDataLength = compresser.deflate(output);
     compresser.end();

     // Decompress the bytes
     Inflater decompresser = new Inflater();
     decompresser.setInput(output, 0, compressedDataLength);
     byte[] result = new byte[100];
     int resultLength = decompresser.inflate(result);
     decompresser.end();

     // Decode the bytes into a String
     String outputString = new String(result, 0, resultLength, "UTF-8");
 } catch(java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
     // handle
 } catch (java.util.zip.DataFormatException ex) {
     // handle
 }
 

See Also:

Inflater

Field Summary

Fields

Modifier and Type	Field and Description
static int	BEST_COMPRESSION Compression level for best compression.
static int	BEST_SPEED Compression level for fastest compression.
static int	DEFAULT_COMPRESSION Default compression level.
static int	DEFAULT_STRATEGY Default compression strategy.
static int	DEFLATED Compression method for the deflate algorithm (the only one currently supported).
static int	FILTERED Compression strategy best used for data consisting mostly of small values with a somewhat random distribution.
static int	FULL_FLUSH Compression flush mode used to flush out all pending output and reset the deflater.
static int	HUFFMAN_ONLY Compression strategy for Huffman coding only.
static int	NO_COMPRESSION Compression level for no compression.
static int	NO_FLUSH Compression flush mode used to achieve best compression result.
static int	SYNC_FLUSH Compression flush mode used to flush out all pending output; may degrade compression for some compression algorithms.

Constructor Summary

Constructors

Constructor and Description
Deflater() Creates a new compressor with the default compression level.
Deflater(int level) Creates a new compressor using the specified compression level.
Deflater(int level, boolean nowrap) Creates a new compressor using the specified compression level.

Method Summary

Methods

Modifier and Type	Method and Description
int	deflate(byte[] b) Compresses the input data and fills specified buffer with compressed data.
int	deflate(byte[] b, int off, int len) Compresses the input data and fills specified buffer with compressed data.
int	deflate(byte[] b, int off, int len, int flush) Compresses the input data and fills the specified buffer with compressed data.
void	end() Closes the compressor and discards any unprocessed input.
protected void	finalize() Closes the compressor when garbage is collected.
void	finish() When called, indicates that compression should end with the current contents of the input buffer.
boolean	finished() Returns true if the end of the compressed data output stream has been reached.
int	getAdler() Returns the ADLER-32 value of the uncompressed data.
long	getBytesRead() Returns the total number of uncompressed bytes input so far.
long	getBytesWritten() Returns the total number of compressed bytes output so far.
int	getTotalIn() Returns the total number of uncompressed bytes input so far.
int	getTotalOut() Returns the total number of compressed bytes output so far.
boolean	needsInput() Returns true if the input data buffer is empty and setInput() should be called in order to provide more input.
void	reset() Resets deflater so that a new set of input data can be processed.
void	setDictionary(byte[] b) Sets preset dictionary for compression.
void	setDictionary(byte[] b, int off, int len) Sets preset dictionary for compression.
void	setInput(byte[] b) Sets input data for compression.
void	setInput(byte[] b, int off, int len) Sets input data for compression.
void	setLevel(int level) Sets the current compression level to the specified value.
void	setStrategy(int strategy) Sets the compression strategy to the specified value.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

DEFLATED

public static final int DEFLATED

Compression method for the deflate algorithm (the only one currently supported).

See Also:

Constant Field Values

NO_COMPRESSION

public static final int NO_COMPRESSION

Compression level for no compression.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

BEST_SPEED

public static final int BEST_SPEED

Compression level for fastest compression.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

BEST_COMPRESSION

public static final int BEST_COMPRESSION

Compression level for best compression.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

DEFAULT_COMPRESSION

public static final int DEFAULT_COMPRESSION

Default compression level.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

FILTERED

public static final int FILTERED

Compression strategy best used for data consisting mostly of small values with a somewhat random distribution. Forces more Huffman coding and less string matching.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

HUFFMAN_ONLY

public static final int HUFFMAN_ONLY

Compression strategy for Huffman coding only.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

DEFAULT_STRATEGY

public static final int DEFAULT_STRATEGY

Default compression strategy.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

NO_FLUSH

public static final int NO_FLUSH

Compression flush mode used to achieve best compression result.

Since:

1.7

See Also:

deflate(byte[], int, int, int), Constant Field Values

SYNC_FLUSH

public static final int SYNC_FLUSH

Compression flush mode used to flush out all pending output; may degrade compression for some compression algorithms.

Since:

1.7

See Also:

deflate(byte[], int, int, int), Constant Field Values

FULL_FLUSH

public static final int FULL_FLUSH

Compression flush mode used to flush out all pending output and reset the deflater. Using this mode too often can seriously degrade compression.

Since:

1.7

See Also:

deflate(byte[], int, int, int), Constant Field Values

Constructor Detail

Deflater

public Deflater(int level,
        boolean nowrap)

Creates a new compressor using the specified compression level. If 'nowrap' is true then the ZLIB header and checksum fields will not be used in order to support the compression format used in both GZIP and PKZIP.

Parameters:

level - the compression level (0-9)

nowrap - if true then use GZIP compatible compression

Deflater

public Deflater(int level)

Creates a new compressor using the specified compression level. Compressed data will be generated in ZLIB format.

Parameters:

level - the compression level (0-9)

Deflater

public Deflater()

Creates a new compressor with the default compression level. Compressed data will be generated in ZLIB format.

Method Detail

setInput

public void setInput(byte[] b,
            int off,
            int len)

Sets input data for compression. This should be called whenever needsInput() returns true indicating that more input data is required.

Parameters:

b - the input data bytes

off - the start offset of the data

len - the length of the data

See Also:

needsInput()

setInput

public void setInput(byte[] b)

Sets input data for compression. This should be called whenever needsInput() returns true indicating that more input data is required.

Parameters:

b - the input data bytes

See Also:

needsInput()

setDictionary

public void setDictionary(byte[] b,
                 int off,
                 int len)

Sets preset dictionary for compression. A preset dictionary is used when the history buffer can be predetermined. When the data is later uncompressed with Inflater.inflate(), Inflater.getAdler() can be called in order to get the Adler-32 value of the dictionary required for decompression.

Parameters:

b - the dictionary data bytes

off - the start offset of the data

len - the length of the data

See Also:

Inflater.inflate(byte[], int, int), Inflater.getAdler()

setDictionary

public void setDictionary(byte[] b)

Sets preset dictionary for compression. A preset dictionary is used when the history buffer can be predetermined. When the data is later uncompressed with Inflater.inflate(), Inflater.getAdler() can be called in order to get the Adler-32 value of the dictionary required for decompression.

Parameters:

b - the dictionary data bytes

See Also:

Inflater.inflate(byte[], int, int), Inflater.getAdler()

setStrategy

public void setStrategy(int strategy)

Sets the compression strategy to the specified value.

Parameters:

strategy - the new compression strategy

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if the compression strategy is invalid

setLevel

public void setLevel(int level)

Sets the current compression level to the specified value.

Parameters:

level - the new compression level (0-9)

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if the compression level is invalid

needsInput

public boolean needsInput()

Returns true if the input data buffer is empty and setInput() should be called in order to provide more input.

Returns:

true if the input data buffer is empty and setInput() should be called in order to provide more input

finish

public void finish()

When called, indicates that compression should end with the current contents of the input buffer.

finished

public boolean finished()

Returns true if the end of the compressed data output stream has been reached.

Returns:

true if the end of the compressed data output stream has been reached

deflate

public int deflate(byte[] b,
          int off,
          int len)

Compresses the input data and fills specified buffer with compressed data. Returns actual number of bytes of compressed data. A return value of 0 indicates that needsInput should be called in order to determine if more input data is required.

This method uses NO_FLUSH as its compression flush mode. An invocation of this method of the form deflater.deflate(b, off, len) yields the same result as the invocation of deflater.deflate(b, off, len, Deflater.NO_FLUSH).

Parameters:

b - the buffer for the compressed data

off - the start offset of the data

len - the maximum number of bytes of compressed data

Returns:

the actual number of bytes of compressed data written to the output buffer

deflate

public int deflate(byte[] b)

Compresses the input data and fills specified buffer with compressed data. Returns actual number of bytes of compressed data. A return value of 0 indicates that needsInput should be called in order to determine if more input data is required.

This method uses NO_FLUSH as its compression flush mode. An invocation of this method of the form deflater.deflate(b) yields the same result as the invocation of deflater.deflate(b, 0, b.length, Deflater.NO_FLUSH).

Parameters:

b - the buffer for the compressed data

Returns:

the actual number of bytes of compressed data written to the output buffer

deflate

public int deflate(byte[] b,
          int off,
          int len,
          int flush)

Compresses the input data and fills the specified buffer with compressed data. Returns actual number of bytes of data compressed.

Compression flush mode is one of the following three modes:

• NO_FLUSH: allows the deflater to decide how much data to accumulate, before producing output, in order to achieve the best compression (should be used in normal use scenario). A return value of 0 in this flush mode indicates that needsInput() should be called in order to determine if more input data is required.
• SYNC_FLUSH: all pending output in the deflater is flushed, to the specified output buffer, so that an inflater that works on compressed data can get all input data available so far (In particular the needsInput() returns true after this invocation if enough output space is provided). Flushing with SYNC_FLUSH may degrade compression for some compression algorithms and so it should be used only when necessary.
• FULL_FLUSH: all pending output is flushed out as with SYNC_FLUSH. The compression state is reset so that the inflater that works on the compressed output data can restart from this point if previous compressed data has been damaged or if random access is desired. Using FULL_FLUSH too often can seriously degrade compression.

In the case of FULL_FLUSH or SYNC_FLUSH, if the return value is len, the space available in output buffer b, this method should be invoked again with the same flush parameter and more output space.

Parameters:

b - the buffer for the compressed data

off - the start offset of the data

len - the maximum number of bytes of compressed data

flush - the compression flush mode

Returns:

the actual number of bytes of compressed data written to the output buffer

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if the flush mode is invalid

Since:

1.7

getAdler

public int getAdler()

Returns the ADLER-32 value of the uncompressed data.

Returns:

the ADLER-32 value of the uncompressed data

getTotalIn

public int getTotalIn()

Returns the total number of uncompressed bytes input so far.

Since the number of bytes may be greater than Integer.MAX_VALUE, the getBytesRead() method is now the preferred means of obtaining this information.

Returns:

the total number of uncompressed bytes input so far

getBytesRead

public long getBytesRead()

Returns the total number of uncompressed bytes input so far.

Returns:

the total (non-negative) number of uncompressed bytes input so far

Since:

1.5

getTotalOut

public int getTotalOut()

Returns the total number of compressed bytes output so far.

Since the number of bytes may be greater than Integer.MAX_VALUE, the getBytesWritten() method is now the preferred means of obtaining this information.

Returns:

the total number of compressed bytes output so far

getBytesWritten

public long getBytesWritten()

Returns the total number of compressed bytes output so far.

Returns:

the total (non-negative) number of compressed bytes output so far

Since:

1.5

reset

public void reset()

Resets deflater so that a new set of input data can be processed. Keeps current compression level and strategy settings.

end

public void end()

Closes the compressor and discards any unprocessed input. This method should be called when the compressor is no longer being used, but will also be called automatically by the finalize() method. Once this method is called, the behavior of the Deflater object is undefined.

finalize

protected void finalize()

Closes the compressor when garbage is collected.

Overrides:

finalize in class Object